Dentigerous cyst

Introduction: -

Dentigerous cyst also known as follicular cyst or pericoronal cyst.

It is the most common type of all the odontogenic cysts.

An odontogenic cyst surrounding the crown of impacted tooth caused by fluid accumulation between the reduced enamel epithelium and enamel surface, where the crown seems to be in lumen.

Clinical features: -

  1. Usually occurs in 2nd and 3rd decades of life.
  2. Mostly found in children and adolescents.
  3. Slightly more common in males.
  4. Maxillary and mandibular third molar and maxillary cuspids areas are most common sites to be involved.
  5. Mostly associated with crown of impacted tooth.
  6. Sometimes it may also associate with complex compound odontome and supernumerary teeth
  7. Generally, it is painless but may be painful if secondary infection is present. Dentigerous cyst may become aggressive lesion.
  8. Cystic involvement of an unerupted third molar may lead to the hollowing of the entire ramus up to the coronoid and condyle process and also the expansion of the cortical plates.
  9. Pathological fractures may occur in certain cases.

Radiographic features: -

  1. A well defined, unilocular radiolucent area enclosing the crown of impacted or unerupted tooth.
  2. Expansion and distortion of cortical plates.
  3. Resorption of roots of adjacent teeth may be present.

Dentigerous cyst
Dentigerous cyst

Management: -

  • If smaller in size, it can be removed surgically along with the affected tooth.
  • The larger cyst involves surgical drainage and marsupialization.

 


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